测试框架 Google Test

一个简单的使用 Google Test 测试框架的加减乘除示例

安装

使用包管理器

sudo emerge -av gtest

使用

简单的 C++ 代码 my_math.cpp，实现 add() 函数

头文件my_math.h

// my_math.h
#pragma once

namespace my {
    int add(int a, int b);
}

源文件my_math.cpp

// my_math.cpp
#include "my_math.h"

namespace my {
    int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }
}

编写单元测试test_my_math.cpp：

// test_my_math.cpp
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

#include "my_math.h"

// 测试 add() 函数
TEST(TestMyMath, AddFunction) {
    EXPECT_EQ(my::add(2, 3), 5);
    EXPECT_EQ(my::add(-1, 1), 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(my::add(0, 0), 0);
}

// 主函数
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}

编译与运行

使用g++

g++ -o test_my_math test_my_math.cpp my_math.cpp -lgtest -lgtest_main -pthread
./test_my_math

使用 cmake

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(test_my_math)

# 启用 Google Test
find_package(GTest REQUIRED)

# 添加测试可执行文件
add_executable(test_my_math test_my_math.cpp my_math.cpp)

# 链接 Google Test 库
target_link_libraries(test_my_math GTest::GTest GTest::Main)

测试结果：

[==========] Running 1 test from 1 test suite.
[----------] Global test environment set-up.
[----------] 1 test from TestMyMath
[ RUN      ] TestMyMath.AddFunction
[       OK ] TestMyMath.AddFunction (0 ms)
[----------] 1 test from TestMyMath (0 ms total)

[----------] Global test environment tear-down
[==========] 1 test from 1 test suite ran. (0 ms total)
[  PASSED  ] 1 test.

增加函数

// my_math.h

namespace my {
    int sub(int a, int b);
    int mul(int a, int b);
    double div(double a, double b);
}

// my_math.cpp

namespace my {
    int sub(int a, int b) {
        return a - b;
    }

    int mul(int a, int b) {
        return a * b;
    }

    double div(double a, double b) {
        if (b == 0) {
            throw std::runtime_error("Division by zero");
        }
        return a / b;
    }
}

// 测试减法
TEST(MyMathTest, SubTest) {
    EXPECT_EQ(my::sub(5, 3), 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(my::sub(3, 5), -2);
    EXPECT_EQ(my::sub(0, 0), 0);
}

// 测试乘法
TEST(MyMathTest, MulTest) {
    EXPECT_EQ(my::mul(2, 3), 6);
    EXPECT_EQ(my::mul(-2, 3), -6);
    EXPECT_EQ(my::mul(0, 5), 0);
}

// 测试除法
TEST(MyMathTest, DivTest) {
    EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(my::div(6, 2), 3.0);
    EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(my::div(5, 2), 2.5);
}

// 测试除零
TEST(MyMathTest, DivByZeroTest) {
    EXPECT_THROW(my::div(1, 0), std::runtime_error);
}

测试结果：

[==========] Running 5 tests from 1 test suite.
[----------] Global test environment set-up.
[----------] 5 tests from MyMathTest
[ RUN      ] MyMathTest.AddTest
[       OK ] MyMathTest.AddTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] MyMathTest.SubTest
[       OK ] MyMathTest.SubTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] MyMathTest.MulTest
[       OK ] MyMathTest.MulTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] MyMathTest.DivTest
[       OK ] MyMathTest.DivTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] MyMathTest.DivByZeroTest
[       OK ] MyMathTest.DivByZeroTest (0 ms)
[----------] 5 tests from MyMathTest (0 ms total)

[----------] Global test environment tear-down
[==========] 5 tests from 1 test suite ran. (0 ms total)
[  PASSED  ] 5 tests.
comment: